MarkEvans

The UN, The IMF, and the Chimera of World Peace

by Mark Evans
On the 24th of June, several friends and I attended The 1995 Children's World Peace Festival in Celebration of Fifty Years of the UN, at East Fort Baker, on the Golden Gate, just south of Sausalito. It was a warm, sunny day, and a festive atmosphere was fostered by the casual, New Age ambience of the musical acts and speakers, from the stage in the meadow to the adjacent Circle where each attendee could gather two free crystals. The crowd, made up of children of all ages, basked in the sun by the bandstand and alternately prayed and chanted, in perfect mediumistic fashion, in response to the "Great Invocation" and swayed and danced to the more up-tempo bands, while "Guardian Angels" in white T-shirts and Red Berets benignly stood guard, directed traffic, and manned all check-points.

At one point, a cherubic choir of multi-cultural young people sang a We-Are-The-World type of song, exhorting their hearers to take the pledge to "Support the web of life." Late in the afternoon Graham Nash, now a solo act, came out and sang a song about the need to have a code when you are on the road, and another, dedicated to the UN, about the children of Oklahoma City, who were blown up because someone was trying to make a point about something. Earlier in the afternoon, my friends and I circulated among the thin crowd with a video camera for a while, seeking a single solitary soul who knew anything about the International Monetary Fund (IMF). What we found confirms what we already knew about such audiences, to wit, that almost nobody attending such a gathering knows anything about the reality of the two sister, core institutions of the United Nations-the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. This is not surprising, since the clientele at such gatherings, although well-meaning and not apolitical, are generally economically illiterate.

The United Nations, as everyone should know, was founded in San Francisco fifty years ago, after the War. What most people nowadays do not realize, unless they are old enough to remember the war-time propaganda or collect old books as I do, is that the phrase "United Nations" first came into use in December of 1941, just after Pearl Harbor. At that time it was used interchangeably with the phrase "The Allies," which it came to supplant. The "Allies," of course, were the British Empire and-after Pearl Harbor-the U.S., who were fighting against the "Axis Powers," in particular, Germany, which occupied "Fortress Europe."

After Nelson Rockefeller was dispatched by FDR to Caracas, Venezuela, to organize the Organization of American States (OAS), most of the South American republics also joined the "United Nations." While in Caracas, Nelson also saw to it that the "Axis" was supplied with enough oil from Standard Oil, via the Azores, to keep the war going as long as necessary. (See Charles Higham,Trading With The Enemy.)

So there was a direct continuity between the Anglo-American alliance and the formal, global agency, the UN, which was founded in San Francisco and established in New York City on land donated by the Rockefeller Foundation in the immediate post-war period. The "last great hope of mankind" was, in reality, a "soft" front for the globalist, empire-building aspirations of Anglo-American imperialism. And that is precisely the reason why the U.S. and Britain ensconced themselves into permanent seats on the top-heavy UN Security Council. The imperialist nature of the Security Council is not a secret; it is also axiomatic that the ends of imperialism are economic. The fundamental contradiction of the UN is that the World Bank and the IMF are a front for a consortium of international, privately owned, commercial banks.

The principle at work here is actually fairly simple: First World finance capitalists have written the monetary rules for the rest of the world to play by. Since the establishment of the Bank of England in 1694, bankers have granted themselves a monopoly over "credit" and "money." In essence, you either accept the Monopoly Money that the big boys issue, or else you don't play the game. No Third World nation can purchase the technology or the products of the First World with their own government-issued fiat currency. To industrialize, to trade, and buy and sell on the world market, Third World nations must use the "hard" currencies of the G-10 nations, or Swiss Francs.

The G-10, for those who are new to this, are Britain, Germany, France, Italy, Canada, the U.S., Japan, Sweden, Holland, and Belgium. "Hard" means that these nations have acquired the bulk of the monetary gold in the world. Roughly 85% of this hoard is kept under the runway of the International Airport in Zurich, Switzerland. In reality, the Gold-Standard is so much hocus-pocus. First World banks, on account of this collective gold hoard, are franchised by the UN World Bank to lend "credit money"-in today's terms, mere "computer- blips"-to the debtor-nations of the Third World.

Under the "Fractional Reserve" system by which the international banks conduct business, they are allowed to lend out in loans ("credit money") as much as 26 times the amount of "reserves" they have "on deposit" in their vaults. The "capital pool" of both the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund are private corporations-the Prime Banks of the G-10 and Switzerland.

Historically, the Exchequer, the finance ministry under the British Crown, began to go into debt to the Bank of England almost as soon as it was founded in 1694. Foreign wars were fought at great expense to the Treasury, and the cost of these wars was added to the National Debt. The stockholders of the Bank-the owners of the "consols"-began to receive tidy quarterly dividends from the interest on the ever-expanding National Debt. This system, established in London in the 1690s with the founding of the Bank of England and the Stock Exchange, is called Capitalism and represents the transition from the old, medieval feudalism, based on fealty and ground-rent, to the new, modern feudalism, based on monopoly and interest-bearing debt.

During the overt period of the British Empire, from roughly 1750, until 1946, the Bank of England functioned as a looting instrument in the interest of the bond-holding class, not only to Britain's internal economy, but to the macro-economy of the Empire, as well. After World War Two, with the establishment of a new set of "international" institutions, the center of gravity was transferred from the Bank of England to the World Bank/IMF.

The commercial banks of the City of London, which had owned and controlled the stock of the Bank of England, became a portion of the "capital pool" of the new twin entities. Subsequently, in a purely symbolic move, the post-war Fabian-"Socialist" government of Clement Atlee "nationalized" the empty shell of the Bank of England. The IMF then replaced the Bank of England as the vehicle of debt-collection.

From that time forth (owing in part to the antiquity of its industrial base), the economy of Britain began to gradually slide deeper and deeper in debt to the IMF, which also became the new, streamlined instrument for global economic looting. Today, in 1995, with the purchase of Barings Bank (one of Britain's historic "prime" banks) by a Swiss conglomerate, the Continental (i.e., German and Swiss) banks are ascendant. The financial capital of the world has moved from London to Switzerland.

On paper, a thorough description of the World Bank and the IMF is very complex. There are the "subscriptions" to the Fund itself and the votes conferred in proportion with each subscription (this aspect alone gives the First World hegemony within the Fund); there is the gold-tranche and the various credit-tranches, and so on. It is not in the scope of this article to demystify the elaborate veil of window-dressing that covers the perverse heart of the beast. It is enough for the lay-person to understand that behind the facade of the UN World Bank and the IMF, international commercial banks are lending computer-generated "credit-dollars" at usurious rates of interest-rates that the Third World debtor nations cannot repay.

Initially then, the borrowing nation goes in debt to the World Bank-in reality to the private bank-corporations which constitute its "capital pool." Then the IMF steps in to refinance the original debt. This is like getting a second mortgage. Then, after the nation becomes so thoroughly in debt through the "miracle" of compound interest that it cannot pay even the interest on either mortgage, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) steps in to call the debtor-nation on the carpet in Geneva. First World debtor-nations (like Britain) are quite naturally exempt from this kind of humiliation.

Ultimately, the Third World debtor-nations are forced by GATT to cough up raw materials-their own precious national resources-in order to pay this fictitious, interest-bearing, unpayable "debt" that was originally generated out of nothing in privately-owned, First-World bank corporations. If progressives are opposed to imperialism and neo-colonialism, they should be aware of the neo-colonial function of the IMF and GATT, both founded in 1946, two of the chief institutions of the United Nations.

Another inherent contradiction between the illusion of "wonderfulness''-the UN as it is presented in such venues as the 1995 Children's World Peace Festival-and reality, is the role of the international banks in fomenting and financing wars and civil wars around the globe-especially in Asia, Latin America, and mineral-rich Africa. The UN party-line is that wars are caused by nationalism and ignorance. While these factors are clearly present in all conflicts, no ongoing war can be waged for more than a few weeks without financing -and financing comes from banks. The really ugly aspect of this picture is that the international armaments industry-euphemized in the 'teens, 'twenties, and 'thirties as the "Merchants of Death"-interlock with some of the same international commercial banks which form the capital pool of the IMF, the agency of the UN, the institution supposedly dedicated to the cause of "world peace."

The present debacle in Bosnia, formerly a province of Yugoslavia, is a current example of this essential contradiction. First World arms-merchants (and their attendant, interlocking bank corporations) have exploited the historic ethnic antagonism between the Croatians, Serbs, and Bosnians to capitalize on a ghastly little civil war, while apportioning the sales of death-dealing armaments in a gentlemen's agreement between them-Britain, Skoda (arms-central of the Czech Republic), and Russia arming the Serbs, while Germany and Austria arm the Croats. Bosnia, kept under an arms embargo for a long while, could only buy weapons on the black market-most of them from the Islamic bloc. In consequence, Bosnia has been ground like corn between the twin millstones of Serbia and Croatia.

And what is the role of the UN in all of this? Far from being "weak," "inept," or "lacking teeth," as the mainstream media portrays it, it is doing just what it was designed to do, acting as a "soft" cop, presiding over another "managed conflict"-in effect, a supervised war of attrition. Meanwhile, the big boys, the German bankers, who through the Bonn government precipitated the break-up of Yugoslavia by immediately recognizing the independence of Croatia when it was announced in 1991, are cleaning up, and acquiring just as much equity in Croatia as they can gobble up (a sizeable spread along the Adriatic coast for starters) in payment for the arms that were supplied to wage the war.

In point of fact, from its inception, the UN has presided over a series of disastrous and bloody neo-colonial conflicts. There was the UN "police action" in Korea in the early fifties and the rape of Katanga province by UN forces in the bloody Congo war of the early sixties. Even the U.S. presence in Vietnam-an imperialist presence if there ever was one-was sanctioned by the UN Security Council and the South East Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO), an agency of the United Nations. In short, from the UN presence in Somalia as room-moniter for the oil interests, to the UN sanctions against Iraq, which have effectively murdered thousands of children by depriving them of medical supplies, to its nonaction and silence (equaling complicity) in the face of the Chinese depredations in Tibet and the CIA-sponsored war in Angola (in which one and a half million people have died), the contemporary record of the UN as global "peace-keeper" is pretty dismal.

When these realities are related to the illusion-the cherubic children's choir exhorting the hearers to "Take the pledge to support the web of life"-the discrepancy is enormous. On one hand, the ideal of internationalism-of love and brotherhood/sisterhood and a world beyond national chauvinism and warfare-is undeniably a good and positive vision. On the other hand, as long as finance capitalism, directed from Switzerland, continues to rule the planet, and individual nations and states are denied their natural rights to control their own economies and own their own resources, the UN can never bring "world peace."

In 1994, Global Exchange of San Francisco promoted a series of symposiums around the slogan (regarding the IMF) "Fifty Years is Enough." We agree. But in truth, the slogan should be "Three Hundred Years is Enough," for that is the term and tenure of finance capitalism, the neo-feudal system evolving out of the Bank of England, which supplanted the old feudalism. We need to move on. The progressive agenda should state that the people of each nation be granted their sovereign and inherent powers over their own destinies through "home rule" of their own economies, natural resources and industries. Nations, including this one, should be allowed to regulate their own cash money systems. For until the day when the hegemony of the international bankers shall be broken, the neo-colonial system of which the UN is unfortunately a part, will continue to exploit the people of the world, causing untold suffering, pain, and death.

References are available upon request

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