Why is the Speed of Light fundamental?
* Einstein's theories are based on three
assumptions of invariance. (1) The laws of physics are the
same everywhere (for non accelerating observers). (2) The speed of
light in a vacuum is always
the same, regardless of the speeds (non accelerating) of source and
observer. (3) The properties
of matter are fixed, not changing relationally as matter ages. (This is
science's fundamental
assumption that originated with the Greek philosopher Aristotle).
Scientists are convinced by many tests of Einstein's Special and
General Relativity. However,
they never test science's basic assumption (that the properties of
matter are not emerging)
without circular measuring. (Circular arguments use a single
premise to support a conclusion that
contains the premise at its base.) Scientists use Aristotle's
assumption to define a 'fixed length
second' as 9,192,631,770 microwave pulses from cesium 133. By
definition, the length of a
meter is the distance light travels in a vacuum in 1299,792,458th of a
second. Therefore, by
definition the speed of light is 299,792,452 meters in a second. By
definition, the speed of light is
circularly defined with perpetual motion seconds, which scientists use
to calibrate their distance
scale and velocity measurements. It is impossible to build an empirical
science without assuming
that something immutable dithers with perpetual motion. Anyone can test whether atoms are
perpetual motion machines by visibly comparing the rate of ancient
atomic clocks with modern
ones. No perpetual motion atoms shine from billions of galaxies at many
ranges (eras). Yet tens of thousands of scientific measuring
units and mathematical constants depend on Aristotle's
assumption that the properties of matter are fixed, not changing
relationally.
Biblical physics is simply what the Bible
says about the material world. Biblical physics has no
mathematics or assumption-laden ways of measuring. This is
because the Bible states that the
creation is in
bondage to phthora, fundamental change (Romans 8:21 - 22). Paul
illustrated this
with two Greek together-verbs. Relational changes are together changes.
They cannot be
measured or modeled mathematically because there are no independent
variables - the properties
of matter shift simultaneously, in parallel, together. The fact that
the properties of matter are
always changing is visible. We see
that the atomic clocks and galactic
orbits accelerate together
because we see the history of the universe. Galaxies grew from tiny
naked globs packed with
stars into huge growth spirals. This could only happen if the
properties of matter are emerging.
The
Bible mentions another principle of physics in Ephesians 5:13. "But
all things become
visible when they are exposed by the light, for everything that becomes
visible is light." Light
exposes error (elegchomena) and makes evident (phanero) the truth
because all things (panta) are
light (phôs estin). All substance is light. On the first day,
Elohim finished creating (bara) all of
(et) the heavens and earth. At first, it was dark in the primordial
abyss (tehom). Everything (et) in
the universe was formless and empty (tohu wa bohu). Then Elohim moved
across the face
(paniym) of the transitory thing (mayim) and commanded light (owr) to
be. Elohim continually
perceives that the light is excellent (owr kiy towb). Light actualizes
all matter, continually giving
it form. The oldest
physical things in the universe are atoms, which God calls 'house of
light'. A
house of light has a border where darkness dwells because light moves
within its house in
mysterious ways (Job 38:19 - 21). In biblical physics, matter and its
properties are relationally
connected to light. Light
is always active - so matter is not static substance. Biblical physics can
provide simple, non mathematical explanations because it denies
science's basic assumption that
matter is not relationally changing.
The
speed of light is a
fundamental speed limit:
1. Matter is a relation
with light, so light is fundamentally associated with matter's
properties.
2. Matter takes up space,
although this space is mostly empty. It takes up space because light
never stops jittering around inside atoms. An electron's dithering
motions involve interactions
with light that continually give matter its shape and chemical
properties.
3. Light always moves at
light speed. Therefore, all speeds and all motions are fundamentally
light speed. When a macro object moves, the motion is dependent of (and
is therefore limited by)
the light motions that are continuously jittering around within atoms.
4. Light traveling through
air or water is slower than in a vacuum. This is because the overall
throughput is slowed down by billions of atomic interaction delays.
5. The
basic matter-light relationship is the fundamental reality. It is
impossible for matter or
light to move faster than itself. Therefore, the speed of light is the
fundamental speed.
6. Nothing in the
physical world exists apart from the matter / light relationship.
Humanistic ideas, such as time, have no existence in the world of
nature. The ideas always conform to the assumption used in inventing
the idea. This is why scientists are able to contrive symbolical
properties such as mass, energy and time. They are invisible properties
because they only exist in human minds.
7. To precisely
measure light speed, one must assume that the
properties of matter are fixed. It is
impossible to invent precise measuring units or methods without
assuming that something is
immutable and moves with perpetual motion.
Please notice the simplicity of biblical
physics. It is supported by simple reasoning based on the
simple, literal words of God. In the next essay I will deal with
the simple evidence against
Einstein's theories.
* The graphic is from NASA, whose images are in the public
domain. It depicts the alleged warping of space by matter which is part
of Einstein's predictions in General Relativity.
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Last modified on July 1, 2009